We introduce a stochastic share-a-ride problem with electric vehicles, in which passenger and parcel orders can be served in a shared manner by the same vehicle in a ride-hailing system. We assume that customer service requests arrive stochastically in the system. We consider that passenger...

When Li-ion batteries are retired from electric vehicles, they can be dismantled to recycle the materials or be repurposed for less demanding systems. Different kinds of firms have engaged in reusing retired batteries, including recycling firms, repurposing firms, and diversified firms...