Afonso, António; Coelho, José Carlos - 2021
, using quarterly data from1995 to2020. Through the use of panel Granger causality tests and a panel SUR model, we conclude … that the relationship is bi-directional for the EU panelas a whole. Furthermore, we find that in Eurozone countries, before … is greater. Conversely, in non-Eurozone countries, after 2010, in countries with a current account balance-to-GDP ratio …