This review of published studies on the costs of HIV treatment and care describes some of the recent developments that … have influenced these costs in industrialised and industrialising countries, especially within the context of changing drug … hospital costs increased significantly (p = 0.003) over the 3 periods analysed (before 1987, 1987 to 1995, and 1996 and beyond …

Childhood atopic dermatitis is a disorder with considerable social and financial costs. Consideration of these costs is … deprivation, loss of employment, time taken for care of atopic dermatitis and financial costs. The financial costs for the family … and community include medical and hospital direct costs of treatments and indirect costs from loss of employment. There …

records. The analysis was performed from the societal (community) perspective, including both direct and indirect costs … costs to test the robustness of the assumption that 1 working day lost for each day hospital visit would produce a change of … 0.3% in the weight of indirect costs. Patients and participants: Patients analysed in this study were registered in the …

hospitalisation and surgery mean that the disease can be associated with substantial healthcare costs. Cost-of-illness studies … focusing on direct medical costs have identified that over half the average costs associated with the disease relate to … hospital costs. Estimates of the contribution of drug costs to the total direct economic burden have varied between 4.6 and 25 …

results: Previous measures of indirect costs of disease have typically not included the loss in productivity due to suboptimal …). Conclusions: Estimates of the indirect costs of chronic disease that do not account fully for the lost income of employees may …

summarise the economic literature to identify relevant costs and outcomes. Enteroviral meningitis is the most common cause of … weeks after onset of initial symptoms. The major resource categories that contribute to the overall direct costs of … costs are incurred in terms of school or work days missed or restrictions in daily activities. The total direct costs of an …

It has been suggested that the annual direct costs for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are now around $US41 billion in … the 8 most industrialised countries. This paper reviews the data on calculations of direct costs. The true economic burden … is unclear, as there are insufficient data on indirect costs other than absenteeism from work and intangible costs cannot …