, I examine the effects of mafia presence on local crime and elite violence in mid-1990s Russia. In particular, I show … that the communities with mafia presence experienced a dramatic rise in crime driven by turf wars which erupted among rival …-motivated violence remained unaffected. …

dramatic rise in crime driven by elite violence which erupted shortly after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The … violence - initially confined to the criminal underworld - eventually spilled over, leading to indiscriminate attacks against … was no increase in politically-motivated violence, suggesting a widespread collusion between the mafia and local …

Crime and violence are now a key development issue for Central American countries. In three nations El Salvador …, Guatemala, and Honduras crime rates are among the top five in Latin America. This report argues that successful strategies … future options. In addition, the design of national crime reduction plans and the establishment of national cross …

Crime and violence are now a key development issue for Central American countries. In three nations El Salvador …, Guatemala, and Honduras crime rates are among the top five in Latin America. This report argues that successful strategies … future options. In addition, the design of national crime reduction plans and the establishment of national cross …