relatively few linkages between MNEs and domestic firms in sub-Saharan Africa compared with Asia. However, when linkages are … present in sub-Saharan Africa, they raise the likelihood of direct knowledge/technology transfers from MNEs to domestic firms …

, in particular between Chinese and non-Chinese firms. Based on a firm level survey on Ethiopia and Ghana, we found that … & vertical spillover, directly adopting techniques). However, we found for Ghana that Chinese firms have more suppliers but are …-Chinese firms in Ghana though not in Ethiopia. Also, there is little evidence that foreign firms transfer technology via horizontal …