migrants we implement instrumental variable strategies using both two-stage least squares with external instruments and GMM … accordingly. Our results show that highly-educated migrants have a positive effect on innovation even if the effect is smaller …-tech sectors and among highly-educated migrants from other European countries. …

We test if migration leads to increased wages. We take the example of Polish migrants to the United Kingdom and focus … on the mobility of well educated Poles. We offer insights into absolute and relative change in wages of the migrants … are negligible or even insignificant for the highly skilled migrants from Poland to the UK. These results hold for both …

Traditional immigration countries such as United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand give preference to migrants … scarcities in the secondary market by exploiting cheap enclave labor, as a transitional phase for migrants to adjust to the … to highlight its deleterious effects on migrants' welfare. Some theoretical explanations of deskilling are also examined …