-level employment by gender to the exposure to tariff reductions on locally imported products. Our empirical results show that … increasing import competition has kept more females in the workforce, reducing an otherwise growing gender employment gap. These … contributed to a general expansion of female intensive industries, shifts in sectoral gender segregation, reductions in gender …

same time, India has one of the widest gender wage gaps in the world and women are less likely to be employed in the formal … advantage in services have the lowest gender wage gap, with women earning 24% less than their male counterpart, while women in … manufacturing earned on average 40% less than male workers. The Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition shows that the total gender wage gap in …

educational attainment or skills. Gender is a further dimension in which the impacts of trade liberalization can differ. In a … globalizing world it is important to understand whether and how trade policy can contribute toward enhancing gender convergence in …

We study how trade liberalization affects formal employment across gender. We propose a theoretical mechanism to …