Egypt also led to a decrease in poverty, mostly from the flagship Tamween program. Poverty and inequality could be reduced …. The large gap between the government's expenditures and revenues helps explain the positive outcomes on poverty and …

and poverty. Net direct and indirect taxes combined reduce the Gini coefficient by 0.0644 points and the headcount ratio … the elimination of energy subsidies. The main reduction in poverty occurs in rural areas, where the headcount ratio … declines from 44 to 23 percent. In urban areas, fiscally-induced poverty reduction is more modest: the headcount ratio declines …