Military interventions and economic sanctions are increasingly seen as strategic substitutes for achieving national and … global security objectives, both impose economic costs. We quantify the lower bound of the costs of sanctions using a gravity … model of international trade and a general equilibrium simulation model. We find that sanctions amount to a loss in GDP of …

In this paper, we empirically analyze the effect of UN and US economic sanctions on life expectancy and its gender gap … employ a matching approach to account for the endogeneity of sanctions. Our results indicate that an average episode of UN … sanctions reduces life expectancy by about 1.2-1.4 years. The corresponding decrease of 0.4-0.5 years under an average episode …

In an interconnected world, economic and political interests inevitably reach beyond national borders. Since policy …

We empirically analyze the effect of UN and US economic sanctions on life expectancy and its gender gap in target … matching approach to account for the endogeneity of sanctions. Our results indicate that an average episode of UN sanctions … reduces life expectancy by about 1.2-1.4 years. The corresponding decrease of 0.4-0.5 years under US sanctions is …