-economic exception clauses in trade -- Models of non-economic justification clauses in WTO law : GATT/GATS versus SPS/TBT -- The non …-economic grounds of justification in Art. XX GATT and Art. XIV GATS -- Substantive and procedural conditions for the invocation of Art …. XX GATT and Art. XIV GATS -- Non-economic justification provisions in the SPS agreement -- Non-economic justification …