food, water & medication storage for a massive pandemic quota (ψ-Quota). Consequently, the main objective of the ψ-Quota is … pandemic crisis. Finally, this paper is divided into three sections: (i) the minimum food, water, and medicine quota storage … calculation in case of a massive pandemic; (ii) the food, water, and medicine storage quota for a massive pandemics; (iii) the …

In this paper, we examine the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihoods of the poor. We use an … the varied experiences of the poor during the pandemic. We find that the pandemic and associated government lockdowns had … household expenditures below pre-pandemic levels during the pandemic period. To cope with the pandemic, households drew down on …

In early 2020, the rapid spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) quickly developed into a pandemic. This was followed by a … integration. This helps to distinguish between the main phases of the pandemic. The third aim of the paper is to review how the …

The lockdowns and stimulus programmes that governments have adopted to fight the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated …

-19 pandemic in European countries. Since uncertainty is not directly observable, we use two alternative methods to …

to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic exacerbated some of these existing differences, potentially influencing the GDP … comparisons of GDP growth during the COVID-19 pandemic. …

coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Measures associated with monetary policy amount to $14.9 trillion ($1.4 trillion by ADB …