This paper presents a new measure of aggregate trade restrictions (MATR) using data from the International Monetary … of trade restrictiveness but is more comprehensive in terms of country and time coverage. It is available for an … unbalanced sample of up to 157 countries during 1949-2019. We use MATR to re-examine how trade restrictiveness varies with the …

existing studies, which are mainly devoted to the impact of reduced trade flows on the key macroeconomic indicators, we focus … on the specific market of textile products, which was among the most affected by the protectionism measures. The … the ongoing trade war has not only adversely affected the macroeconomic fundamentals of the US economy, but it is also …

remaining share of the global trade slowdown, not explained by demand factors. Protectionism does not come up as statistically …Since the recovery from the great financial crisis in 2010, global real trade flows grew much slower than pre …) A debate has arisen as to whether this global trade slowdown, and related falling trade-to-income elasticity, was …

integrate in world trade. The paper uses a combination of techniques, from an analysis of disaggregated trade flows by country … and sectors, to the calculation of trade intensity indices by country and sector, and value-added trade by sector. It … finds combined evidence of forward and backward trade increasing between several neighbouring Asian economies and China, in …

remaining share of the global trade slowdown, not explained by demand factors. Protectionism does not come up as statistically …Since the recovery from the great financial crisis in 2010, global real trade flows grew much slower than pre …) A debate has arisen as to whether this global trade slowdown, and related falling trade-to-income elasticity, was …

, inter alia, by the IMF (2016) and by us (2017), with a view to explaining the "missing" trade flows unpredicted by GDP …-based import models during the trade collapse of 2009 and subsequent recovery from it. At the time, it appeared that the …/global imports, over entire economy cycles (a phase of trade expansion, a sudden collapse and a recovery). Moreover, by weighting …

integrate in world trade. The paper uses a combination of techniques, from an analysis of disaggregated trade flows by country … and sectors, to the calculation of trade intensity indices by country and sector, and value-added trade by sector. It … finds combined evidence of forward and backward trade increasing between several neighbouring Asian economies and China, in …