This paper examines the determinants of fertility, using panel data for twenty-seven European countries. We employ … panel co-integration to estimate fertility as function of demographic and economic variables. We show that low fertility in … most industrialized countries in Europe is due to low infant mortality rates, high female employment, low nuptiality rate …

sophisticated analytical sequence on a panel dataset of countries' SMEs. For policymakers, the findings demonstrate that …

solution of these equations, adding a random walk model of the unobserved potential growth. Applying this method to a panel of …, but a two-step estimation based on a forward-looking sticky-price model dramatically improves the empirical fit …

This study suggests a two-step approach to identifying and interpreting regional convergence clubs in Europe. The first … step involves identifying the number and composition of clubs using a space-time panel data model for annual income growth … rates in conjunction with Bayesian model comparison methods. A second step uses a Bayesian space-time panel data model to …