The aim of this paper was to explore the causal relationship between CO2 emissions, economic growth, electricity consumption, energy use, and urbanisation in Vietnam between 1982 and 2016 using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). In the short run, it has been empirically proven that GDP,...

The purpose of this study is to explore long run affiliations between exports and carbon dioxide emissions. This paper examines thirty-seven countries over the period 1960 to 2010 and uses the Toda and Yamamoto causality approach to investigate the direction of causal links. The results reveal...