-efficient production level for an incentive regulation of distribution system operators (DSOs). With nearly 900 DSOs operating in the … German electricity sector, of which 200 subject to incentive regulation, the issue of heterogeneity of DSOs has to be … efficiency scores derived from stochastic frontier analysis. To correct for this heterogeneity in coefficients, I propose a …

effects on price and labor efficiency. In comparison to their synthetic counterparts, I find that the acquired networks … increased labor efficiency by on average 18 percent, while no effect is found on the price. Thus, the evidence suggests … substantial efficiency gains but that these are not fed through to consumer prices. Since each acquisition involved several …

dynamic generation settings. Through application in a stylized two-node network, we find that incentive regulation may perform … motivates further research aimed to characterize optimal regulation for transmission expansion in the context of renewable …