The International Maritime Organization's initial strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from ships … stipulates that the international shipping sector should assess the impacts on states prior to adoption of the mitigation …

We provide ex-post empirical analysis of the effects of climate policies on carbon dioxide emissions at the aggregate … and emissions trading systems (ETS), as well as the overall stringency of climate policies. We use dynamic panel … mix. We find that higher carbon taxes and prices of permits in ETS reduce carbon emissions. An increase in carbon taxes by …

between them. Greenhouse gases are a waste product that is often emitted in the production process. Limiting such emissions … use this to estimate the contribution of such emissions to economic development. The sobering insight is that we would not … have witnessed any convergence in the last 45 years if poorer countries had not increased greenhouse gas emissions. …

between them. Greenhouse gases are a waste product that is often emitted in the production process. Limiting such emissions … use this to estimate the contribution of such emissions to economic development. The sobering insight is that we would not … have witnessed any convergence in the last 45 years if poorer countries had not increased greenhouse gas emissions. …