encompasses residential segregation, low quality of education, low paying jobs, discrimination in the labor market, and extra … costs of upward social mobility for minorities, Black families face more challenges for leveraging their education to escape … variation in the effects of highest education of parents on family’s ability to scale poverty, defined as the household’s income …

using new data on children's blood lead levels (BLLs) matched to all education data in North Carolina. We compare siblings …

higher levels of education (there are 30 times as many schools offering grade 1 than grade 12) and receives education of a …

primary school education from 7 to 8 years. At the same time, the reform did not affect the education system at post …-primary levels, that is the system of secondary and higher education. In result, all education tracks were extended by one year … reform had a negative impact on the hourly earnings of individuals with primary education. …

period, first the post-World War baby boom and then the substantial increase in education led to higher economic growth than … otherwise expected. As the pace of increase in education slowed and the workforce aged toward the end of the period, human …