The failure to predict the surge in inflation in 2021 raises questions about whether we are better equipped to … anticipate a future decline in inflation. What tools do we intend to use for predicting the trajectory of inflation? Are we still … primarily relying on survey data regarding inflation expectations, and are we still employing a Calvo-type structure to model …

impact of trend inflation on price flexibility, and the relationship between announcement and implementation effects. This is … zero-inflation steady state. We show that a suitable calibration of the model has similar effects on macroeconomic … variables as standard versions of the menu cost model. It replicates the effect of trend inflation on the impulse response to …