Most capital in the United States is idle much of the time. By some measures, the average workweek of capital in U.S. manufacturing is as low as 55 hours per 168 hour week. The level and variability of capital utilization has important implications for understanding both the level of production...

We should first note that if one does not view expenditures on quality, location, or promotion as utility-generating expenditures, misallocation occurs by definition. We will follow Demsetz, however, in proposing that such expenditures, including those on promotion, do in fact generate utility....

We construct portfolios based on characteristic weights and develop a novel way to measure capacity of these portfolios to absorb capital. Our estimates suggest that portfolio capacity is the highest for fundamental-weights, whereas portfolios based on momentum, equal risk budget, and equal...