The concept of qualitativeness in design is an important one, and needs to be incorporated in the optimization process for a number of reasons outlined in this paper. interactive evolutionary computation and fuzzy systems are two of the widely used approaches for handling quanlitativeness in...

We assemble a large‐scale empirical dataset that allows us to examine the local and global topology of relationships between firms in the Toyota supply network. On this basis we propose novel measures that allow us to characterise the resilience of the entire supply network. Our findings show...

Increasing awareness of the intrinsically complex nature of supply networks has brought the field of supply chain management into the domain of network science. However, due to the difficulties of acquiring large-scale and consistent empirical data sets, a more complete picture of a real-world...