As the wealthiest emirate in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Abu Dhabi plays a pivotal role in driving the country's economic prosperity. Despite its oil-dependent economy, efforts to diversify through entrepreneurship and SMEs are underway. However, while entrepreneurial attitudes are strong,...

This paper was prepared as a background note for a discussion held at the OECD in June 2015 on competition issues in liner shipping. It discusses the main developments and competition issues in the sector, namely, regulation in different countries, the role of liner shipping consortia and...

The OECD Competition Committee debated competition and efficient usage of payment cards in June 2006. This document includes an executive summary and the documents from the meeting: an analytical note by the OECD and written submissions: Australia, Denmark, Finland, the European Commission,...

Innovation diffusion can be defined as the process through which firms gather knowledge, information and innovations from outside and use them to introduce their own innovative products or processes. It is a broad concept, referring, among other things, to the adoption of new-to-the-firm...

Donors’ efforts to mobilise private finance through development finance institutions for the Sustainable Development Goals are off track. To deliver on their commitments, they must introduce systemic reforms that put sustainable development impact at the heart of all the activities of these...

The scale of illicit financial flows (IFFs) originating from extractive economies across the Global South has grown dramatically over the last four decades. Focusing on the oil sector, and the unique challenges of addressing and regulating the oil commodity-trading sector, this paper examines...

In a competitive market, firms and consumers make decisions based on several aspects of the product involved. While price is a fundamental aspect, it is not the only one: in many markets, innovation, quality, variety or even privacy may play at least some role in the competition between firms....

In its States of Fragility 2022 report, the OECD aims to add a sixth dimension to its multidimensional fragility framework – the human dimension – to measure factors affecting the realisation of people’s wellbeing and potential. This innovation casts new light on the determining role that...

The increasing number of cross-border mergers, the proliferation of merger control regimes, and the limited resources competition authorities have to enforce competition law make it important that authorities only review those mergers that have an impact on their jurisdiction. The 2005 OECD...

By mapping theories of harm that have been applied in recent digital merger cases and considering the analyses that have already been undertaken, this note explores the question of whether existing theories of harm are well suited or should be further adapted to comprehensively capture...