The Cancún Agreements formalise a collective commitment by developed countries to provide new and additional funding for action on climate change in developing countries both in the short- and longer-term. This collective financial commitment requires a system to measure, report and verify...

Oregon has one of the biggest cyclical budget problems in the country, if not the biggest. Without a rainy day fund, Oregon's state government would have a budget shortfall ten years out of twenty; two of which would be equal to or greater than twenty percent of annual spending. Oregon could...

The authors write that Oregon couldn't afford to establish a rainy day fund; borrowing in times of state fiscal crisis is cheaper. The only workable alternative to countercyclical saving or borrowing is a substantial overhaul of Oregon's revenue code, and that's a high price to pay for fiscal...

This paper considers how development co-operation is addressing the twin objectives of biodiversity conservation and sustainable use on the one hand, and development and poverty reduction on the other. It outlines how development co-operation can a) support mainstreaming biodiversity and...

Achieving low-carbon, climate-resilient (LCR) development is a policy goal of many governments today, and investment in built-infrastructure – in the energy, transport, water and building sectors – is a central part of the challenge. In the face of growing infrastructure needs and fiscal...

This paper addresses several broad issues for governments aiming to encourage private sector investment in low-carbon climate resilient (LCR) infrastructure, in both developed and developing world contexts. LCR infrastructure is defined, recognizing the interdependencies between infrastructure...