-Becker (interests only) approach to political economy. We distinguish between two kinds of ideational politics – the battle among … different worldviews on the efficacy of policy (worldview politics) versus the politics of victimhood, pride and identity … (identity politics). Political entrepreneurs discover identity and policy ‘memes' (narratives, cues, framing) that shift beliefs …

This paper formulates a general theory of how political unrest influences public policy. Political unrest is motivated …

followed by financial crises. We explain this variation as the outcome of lobbying interests capturing the reform process. Even … by more leveraged entrepreneurs, protecting more established producers. As a result, lobbying may deliberately worsen …