on children's education by exploiting the United Nations sanctions imposed on Iran in 2006. Using the variation in the … sanctions decreased children's total years of schooling by 0.1 years and the probability of attending college by 4.8 percentage … children who were exposed longer to the sanctions. The results imply that sanctions have a larger effect on the income of …

parental decisions (labor market, investments in children, and fertility). We merge rich sources of historical information on … education and wages for the children born under these policies. The mobility effect, chiefly an increase in intergenerational … mobility in education, stems from heterogeneity in the effects of the policies: children of mothers with fewer years of …