This paper examines a possible connection between China's massive rural to urban migration and high chemical fertilizer … use rates during the late 1980s and 1990s. Using panel data on villages in rural China (1987-2002), we find that labor out … forms of water pollution, suggesting that industrialization has induced pollution in China both directly and through its …

The chemical fertilizer industry has made great contributions to China's food security. Existing studies mainly focus …

China, we find interesting interactions between fertility and migration decisions in various counterfactual experiments with … migration equilibrium framework with rural agents heterogeneous in skills and fertility preferences. We then establish and … characterize a mixed migration equilibrium where high-skilled rural agents with low fertility preferences always migrate to cities …