Objective. To analyze the impact of hospital mergers on treatment intensity and health outcomes. Data. Hospital inpatient data from California for 1990 through 2006, encompassing forty mergers. Study Design. I used a geographic-based IV approach to determine the effect of a zip code’s exposure...

The enforcement of stringent intellectual property rights in the pharmaceutical sector of developing countries generates considerable controversy, due to both the extensive research investment and the public policy importance of this sector. This paper explores the likely effects of enforcing...