a decrease in bank equity risk. We show theoretically, that keeping less capital in excess of the minimum capital … requirement can outweigh the risk-reducing effect on equity of increased total capitalization. Empirically, we find that excess … capitalization is a significant determinant of equity risk, and can explain why bank equity risk has not become lower after the Great …

decisions based on the firm's publicly observable and time-varying fundamental. Fear of the firm's future rollover risk … standards and credit risk …