This paper discusses Poland’s Review Under the Flexible Credit Line (FCL) Arrangement. Economic growth is expected to recover gradually on the back of improving domestic demand and higher growth in core euro countries. But the economy is still subject to substantial external risks as...

This collection of papers presents the First Post-Program Monitoring Discussions focusing on economic development in the Republic of Latvia. Latvia successfully completed its EU-IMF-supported program in December 2011. As part of the program, Latvia implemented fiscal consolidation measures of...

This paper discusses key findings of the First Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement for Angola. The paper reveals that the authorities’ reforms are beginning to bear fruit in terms of achieving key program goals. The heavy foreign exchange market pressures that were evident at the...

A positive financial market and real sector developments support Ireland's capacity to exit the EU-IMF supported program at year's end. But the underlying fiscal and financial situation is still difficult, and continued strong policy execution remains paramount. Improvement in dealing with...

Prudent macroeconomic management, strong growth, low inflation, small fiscal deficit, and public debt have helped The Bahamas attain the highest standard of living in the Caribbean. Executive Directors supported the government’s goals of balancing the budget and reducing debt. They...

The Eighth and Final Review under the Stand-By Arrangement discusses policies and reforms undertaken by the Sri Lankan authorities. 2012 has shown robust growth in GDP supported by increased agricultural and construction activity. However, a weakening global demand has been an impediment to real...

Belarus’s economy grew rapidly but remained vulnerable to external shocks. Under the IMF-supported program, Belarus avoided loss of output during the global recession, contained inflation, and increased gross reserves. The structural reform agenda focused on economic liberalization, a...

This selected issues paper on Iceland reports that since mid-2009, Iceland has undergone a heavily frontloaded fiscal consolidation program to bring government finances to a sustainable level. To maintain the adjustment gains achieved during the last 2½ years, the authorities have started...

This 2007 Article IV Consultation highlights that Vietnam has recorded continued strong economic performance since the conclusion of the last Article IV Consultation. GDP growth rose to 8.2 percent in 2006, with non-oil exports remaining an important engine of growth. Private investment has also...

A decade of strong expansion in the Spanish economy led by a credit-fueled housing boom was hit by three major shocks. The policy response to Spain’s economic challenges has been strong and wide-ranging, helping to strengthen market confidence. A decisive implementation of the envisaged...