Measurement error in historical data distorts descriptive analyses based on binary classifications. Modern replications … of deficiencies in retrospective CPI estimates for the 19th century show that measurement issues cause misclassification … of inflationary and deflationary episodes. We therefore underestimate the shortfall in real activity during deflation …

satellite-recorded nighttime lights as an additional measurement of true GDP per capita, we provide a statistical framework, in … results for measurement error models to identify and estimate the nonlinear relationship between nighttime lights and true GDP …