, comprehensive measures of bank liquidity creation do not exist. We construct four measures and apply them to data on virtually all U ….S. banks from 1993 to 2003. We find that bank liquidity creation increased every year and exceeded $2.8 trillion in 2003. Large … banks, multibank holding company members, retail banks, and recently merged banks created the most liquidity. Bank liquidity …

indeed find that a failure prediction model for large banks is considerably different from that for small banks. Major bank … for bank failures should be separate for small and large banks …

bolstered their liquidity and alleviated the shortfall …

's prediction that small firms may be unable to access liquidity when large shocks arrive using data on drawdowns in the COVID … recession. Consistent with the theory, the increase in bank credit in 2020Q1 and 2020Q2 came almost entirely from drawdowns by … large firms on pre-committed lines of credit. Differences in demand for liquidity cannot fully explain the differences in …