We discuss and review literature on the macroeconomic effects of epidemics and pandemics since the late 20th century …: HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, influenza, and COVID-19. Although major epidemics and pandemics can take an enormous …. First, we cover the role of health in driving economic growth and well-being and discuss standard frameworks for assessing …

We discuss and review literature on the macroeconomic effects of epidemics and pandemics since the late 20th century …: HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, influenza, and COVID-19. Although major epidemics and pandemics can take an enormous …. First, we cover the role of health in driving economic growth and well-being and discuss standard frameworks for assessing …

In this paper, we develop a life cycle model in which health and longevity are threatened by infectious and chronic … diseases. The model captures that the susceptibility and severity of infectious diseases depend on the accumulated health … deficits (immunosenescence) and that the life history of infections affects the accumulation of chronic health deficits …

integrated risk from economic health and public health issues for COVID-19 using a stochastic epidemic modeling with mobility …

global expansion. This industry makes fundamental contributions to global social welfare, but from a business point of view …