business closures preclude regional relocation of offline consumption. …

This study measures the extent to which Seoul's COVID-19 shopping coupon program affects individuals' consumption …. Unlike other COVID-19-related transfer programs, the Seoul Metropolitan government provides consumption coupons depending on …-in-differences method. We find that the program increased consumption by 18% while it was ongoing and by 6% afterward. We find substantial …

households to past consumption stimulus packages. The extension allows us to account for two novel features of the coronavirus …To predict the effects of the 2020 U.S. "CARES" act on consumption, we extend a model that matches responses of … likely be necessary if consumption spending is to recover. …

This paper examines how households adjusted their consumption behavior in response to COVID-19 infection risk during … the early phase of the pandemic. We use a monthly consumption survey specifically designed by the German Statistical … Office covering the second wave of COVID-19 infections from September to November 2020. Households reduced their consumption …