The housing market no-arbitrage relation states the asset market equilibrium relationship between housing prices and rents. However, the theory gives neither the adjustment speed towards the equilibrium relationship nor the reaction magnitudes of housing prices and rents to changes in the user...

The aim of this study is to examine whether securitized real estate returns reflect direct real estate returns or general stock market returns. In contrast to previous research, which has generally relied on overall real estate market indices and neglected the potential long-term dynamics, our...

Contemporaneous correlation between the returns of direct and indirect real estate investments is generally found to be weak. However, direct and securitized real estate returns are expected to be cointegrated over the long run, since securitized real estate returns are derived from direct real...

This study uses a unique dataset of the Finnish housing market to investigate the hypothesised link between energy efficiency and house prices. It explores the following research questions: 1) Does the energy efficiency rating of a dwelling have an independent impact on its price and if so, how...

We use sector level REIT and transaction-based direct real estate data for the period 1994-2010 to provide a clearer understanding of the dynamic relations between public and private real estate returns. We add leverage to private returns to make the private data more comparable with the REIT...

The price of vacant land zoned for housing is expected to be tightly linked to housing prices. In informationally efficient markets, vacant lot price movements should not lag changes in housing prices. In practice, however, the leading role of housing appreciation with respect to vacant lot...

This article argues that, especially in the absence of sufficient direct data on credit constraints, it is reasonable to add a household debt variable in an empirical model studying housing price dynamics. This is because household borrowing is likely to reveal information regarding the credit...

Using data for the 1978-2008 period, this study presents evidence for cointegration between securitized (NAREIT) and direct (NCREIF) total return indices. Cointegration between the indices indicates that REITs and direct real estate are substitutable in the portfolio of a long-horizon...