The aim of this article is to explore the historical context of vocationalism in universities. It is based on an … activities of universities over time, taking a long view from the birth of the Western University in the Middle Ages to the 1980s … with the emergence of current issues of vocationalism in university education. It adopts a chronological perspective …

We examine the causal impact of China's higher education expansion on labor market outcomes for young college graduates … China decreases unemployment rates, especially among males and high school graduates. However, the policy also decreases … and high school cohorts and applying a difference-in-differences model, we find that the expansion of higher education in …