details in particular information about firms' productivity and export performance. Our results show that while the average … heterogeneity, we test in particular how the exchange rate elasticity may be a..ected by firm-level productivity, and how the …-country di..erences in the shape of the productivity distribution among exporters have a strong influence on the macroeconomic …

Why is it that exporter productivity premia (EPP) differ so widely in size? We take this question to the theory and to … EPPs across sectors, and hence across countries, can be explained by the variation in productivity dispersion, trade costs …

This paper provides a direct test of how fixed export costs and productivity jointly determine firm-level export …, while those with higher productivity export more. These outcomes are the foundation of the widely-used sorting mechanism in … greater fixed export costs than low-productivity exporters. We also find that the substitution between fixed export costs and …

In this paper we directly test the proposed productivity hierarchy of direct, indirect and non-exporters using firm …-exporters. Furthermore, we test the underlying relationship between source-specific fixed trade costs and the average productivity … productivity premium of direct exporters only. While other studies have shown that exports by trade intermediaries increase with …