Rationale. This article summarises the main results of the Bank Lending Survey for 2022 Q4 and the expectations for 2023 Q1. It also analyses matters related to funding market access and the impact of other factors on responding banks’ lending policy.Takeaways. •According to the Bank Lending...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, during 2022 Q1 credit standards in business lending tightened both in Spain and in the euro area as a whole, against a backdrop of greater concern for the risks associated with the impact of the energy crisis and, more recently, the...

Motivación El fuerte incremento del precio de la energía y de otras materias primas en la segunda mitad de 2021 y buena parte de 2022 ha supuesto un aumento notable de los costes de producción de las empresas. El presente artículo analiza cómo se ha trasladado este incremento de los costes...

Rationale The surge in energy and other commodity prices in 2021 H2 and a significant part of 2022 has led to firms’ costs increasing considerably. This article analyses how this rise in costs has been passed through to selling prices and what impact it has had on firms’ output, wages,...