Purpose: The authors aim at investigating different forms of classification shifting (CS). CS is a novel form of earnings management under which managers misclassify income statement line items and cash flow statement line items with an intent to report favorable operating performance of firms....

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the risk-return trade-off in the Indian equity market at both the aggregate equity market level and in the cross-sections of stock return using alternative risk measures. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses weekly and monthly data of 3,085 Bombay...

The question how best to value privately-held equity for various purposes remains an open debate. In general, valuation models are asset-based, income-based or hybrid models, etc. In this study, we focus on Option Pricing Methodology (OPM), one of the widely used valuation models. We evaluate...