The author researches a singular monetary situation connected with the common issue of commemorative coin age by two states: Ireland, an EU member state that belongs to the Euro-system, and Croatia, an EU membership candidate. Although they belong to two different monetary systems, the two...

The subject of study of monetary economy is money, its forms and functions and its economic and reproductive role. Since modern money is a very heterogeneous category, an adequate money issue policy makes it possible with particular forms of money to achieve some additional effects. This...

This paper takes a parametric approach to demand analysis and tests the weak separability assumptions that are often implicitly made in representative agent models of modern macroeconomics. The approach allows estimation and testing in a systems-of-equations con- text, using theMinflex Laurent...

This paper presents an alternative presentation of Modern Monetary Theory (MMT). The main thesis of this paper is that when a nation has monetary sovereignty and fiat currency, government is quite flexible its methods in controlling price level through market mechanisms, as Warren Mosler - one...

Though Bitcoin currently enjoys a healthy niche, the aspirations of many in the project are grander: to supplant the existing regime of fiat currencies with cryptocurrencies, and to do so outside of normal political channels. Its primary practical obstacle is its purchasing power volatility,...

Bitcoin has enabled competition between digital cryptocurrencies and traditional legal tender fiat currencies. Despite rapidly increasing acceptance, so far the affirmation of cryptocurrency as better money has been thwarted by dramatic deflationary price instability. Successful at disposing of...

Efficient business transactions requires both liquid cash and electronic transfers. In developing nations, due to technological challenges and level of awareness of the citizens hard currency is most preferred. The demand for currency, however should not be misinterpreted to mean acceptability...

The quantum money (q-money) as a possible convenient, socially innovative, technologically attractive and user/issuer friendly value storing/not storing unit, mean of payment and exchange medium in the advanced financial systems of the developed states is a subject of our scientific interest in...

Bitcoin is a scarce digital asset: more of a cryptocommodity than a cryptocurrency, it represents the equivalent of digital gold. It is used as money, as gold has always been, but it is not a good unit of account: extreme deflationary price instability has hampered its usability, making it...

In the context of recent developments with cryptocurrencies, as well as the potential rise of central bank digital currencies, we present a new visualisation of money. Using three novel figures, we distinguish between the relevant mechanisms, technologies, recordkeeping, and transactions of...