apply the model to the archetypical fossil industry - coal mining. Based on the universe of German coal employment … biographies, we estimate the model and decompose welfare costs. We find that unemployment is a small factor: Higher wages and job … security in coal drive welfare costs. We distinguish welfare costs by age, education and business cycle. High-educated workers …

The reduction of carbon emissions will require a rapid phasing out of coal and the displacement of millions of coal … miners. How much could this energy transition cost mining workers? We use the dramatic collapse of the UK coal industry to …

' careers if this decline is particularly severe in their local labor market? This paper uses administrative data from Germany …

' careers if this decline is particularly severe in their local labor market? This paper uses administrative data from Germany … administrativen Daten aus Deutschland und einem mit Matching kombinierten Differenz-von-Differenzen-Ansatz, dass die individuellen … Strukturwandel verschont. …

as well as workers in East Germany, experience particularly high costs in case they are displaced from high carbon …