The law enforcement shortcomings in corruption cases are substantial and call for a greater scope of enforcement tools and efficient procedures. Main concerns in reform should include basic criminal law principles, consequences for markets, access to the information necessary for reactions, and...

Enforcing corporate liability, governments seek to deter crime, promote corporate compliance, and secure fair competition in markets, while in practice, they face difficult trade-offs between these aims. This paper analyzes optimal enforcement for three different forms of corporate misconduct by...

Corruption allows firms to earn profits unfairly. In exchange for bribes and inducements that occupy a gray zone of uncertain legality, government officials and politicians offer firms better deals, terms, or benefits than they would otherwise obtain. These unfair advantages are sought by...

Theory and case studies suggest that emergencies and disasters increase corruption, especially in public procurement, hampering relief and reconstruction efforts. However, there is little systematic evidence about these effects, their structure and trajectories. We set out to investigate the...

An increasing share of world FDI is carried out by multinationals from developing countries. These investors may have objectives and constraints that differ from their developed country counterparts. In this paper we focus on differences in attitudes to corruption, and how these may shape the...

Policy recommendations for infrastructure provision usually build on a well-established understanding of best practice for sector governance. Too rarely are they adapted to the country-specific political environment even if this is an area where policy choices are likely to be subject to private...