Meeting the dual challenge of providing reliable and affordable energy and transport to a growing population while reducing environmental impacts, including mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, requires a deep understanding of both the unit- and system-level responses. These responses arise from...

Policy makers have long used investing in public infrastructure as a means of reducing geographical disparities and promoting growth. The goal of this paper is to provide insights to development practitioners on designing interventions to maximize the development impact of infrastructure. For...

This paper presents a meta-analysis of the infrastructure research done over more than three decades, using a database of close to a thousand estimates from 201 papers conducted between 1983-2022, reporting outcome elasticities. The analysis casts a wide net to include the transport, energy, and...

Policy makers have long used investing in public infrastructure as a means of reducing geographical disparities and promoting growth. The goal of this paper is to provide insights to development practitioners on designing interventions to maximize the development impact of infrastructure. For...

This paper examines the evolution of capacity utilization for Kazakhstani enterprises over a seven year period. Three main theoretical propositions are tested through panel data regressions. The results show that the Russian financial crisis (August 1998) has substantially reduced capacity...

This paper examines the main policy and structural determinants of the intensity of competition at the enterprise level across transition economies, presenting new evidence based on an enterprise-level survey and a legal survey directed to both competition agencies and legal experts in the area...

Front Cover; Contents; Acknowledgments; Executive Summary; Abbreviations; Chapter 1 Introduction; Background; Key Issues; Objectives; Table 1.1 Taxonomy of Financial Incentive Mechanisms for Renewable Energy; Tables; Why Is Renewable Energy Important for Poor Countries?; Taxonomy of Financial...