This report presents the findings of the Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) Power Sector Note that focuses on a least-cost planning analysis of the BiH power sector over the next two decades (2016-2035). This World Bank ESMAP-funded study was developed in association with the Independent System...

Sri Lanka recognizes the crucial role of energy efficiency in advancing its development agenda, reaching carbon neutrality by 2050, and fostering a sustainable energy transition. Energy efficiency has long been integrated into the country's legislative and policy framework, with initiatives...

Wholesale electricity spot markets of different variants have been operating in most developed countries and around 20 percent of their developing counterparts. Although these markets have by and large stood the test of time, their ability to decarbonize power systems in tandem with carbon,...

Transmission is a key enabler of clean generation as the lines and substations need to be built first to encourage investments in generation. However, there has been limited attention to readying the grid through upgrades of existing transmission lines/substations and expansion of the grid. As a...

Several countries and states have set targets for substantially increasing renewable energy (RE) contributions in their electricity grids. As the potential for additional hydro-electricity is limited in the US most future RE penetration is envisioned to be in the form of wind and solar. Our...

The large-scale transformation of Kazakhstan’s power sector following independence in 1991 was reflected by the country’s move toward liberalizing the market and implementing sector regulation. As an early adopter of a liberalized multimarket model consisting of bilateral, spot, balancing,...