The Gender Theme of the ABP II carries out comprehensive data - and evidence-based analyses on emerging challenges to gender equality and provides support to policy makers and innovative activities to address these challenges and increase women`s economic empowerment

In the context of Vietnam’s impressive economic growth over the last two decades, several studies have documented gender disparities, but few have studied the underlying constraints that drive the disparities. The Vietnamese government is working to increase its support to job seekers. To help...

The study assesses the impact of different types of land use rights certificates (LURC) on individual and household welfare, expanding on the previous research of Menon, Rodgers, and Kennedy (2016), which assessed the effects of LURCs on agricultural land on household welfare. This study...

In every country, including Vietnam, certain groups confront barriers that prevent them from participating equally in their nation's political, economic, and social life. These groups are excluded through a number of practices, ranging from stereotyping, to stigmatization, to superstitions....

High youth unemployment rates may be a signal of difficult labor market entry for youth or may reflect high churning. The European and United States literature finds the latter conclusion while the Latin American literature suggests the former. This paper uses panel data to examine whether Latin...

About half of Latin America’s youth are considered "at risk," meaning that they engage in or are at risk of engaging in risky behaviors that are detrimental to their own development and to the well-being of their societies. While child psychologists identify many factors that may cause some...

Using panel data from labor force surveys in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico, the paper maps out young people's paths from the classroom to the work place during the 1980s through the early 2000s. By decomposing transition matrices into propensity to move and rate of separation and estimating...

Educators believe that they are adequately preparing youth for the labor market while employers lament the lack of skills. A possible source of the mismatch in perceptions is that employers and educators have different understandings of the types of skills valued in the labor market. This paper...

Latin American countries are generally characterized as displaying high income and earnings inequality overall along with high inequality by gender, race, and ethnicity. However, the latter phenomenon is not a major contributor to the former phenomenon. Using household survey data from four...

Notes in this report present the nature of jobs in each sector (except the public sector), the challenges to improving these sectors, and recommended policies to develop sector-specific jobs strategies. Building on the government's Myanmar Sustainable Development Program (MSDP), which provides a...