contribution of automation to the task content and skills complexity of the jobs of incumbent workers. Despite the recent focus on … the polarising impact of automation and associated reskilling needs of lower-skilled individuals, our evidence also draws …

survey (ESJS), jobs are bundled according to their estimated risk of automation. The paper builds on the methodology of … very high risk of automation. The distribution of high automatability across industries and occupations is also found to be …

automation, especially in emerging markets. We find that negative perceptions about automation are prevalent among workers who … over automation are positively viewed by workers with higher levels of job satisfaction, higher educational attainment, and … from countries with stronger labor protection. Workers with positive perceptions of automation also tend to respond that re …