There is a significant gap in financing sustainable development in emerging economies to meet the climate commitments under the Paris Agreement and to fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) estimates that more than USD...

This report attempts to fill that gap for two of the most important water-related issues facing the effects of climate variability and the steady degradation of the nation's water resources. The study reported here concluded that the El Ni??o-La Ni??a episode from 1997-2000 cost the country Ksh...

For pension funds, international assets represent an opportunity to improve their returns while possibly reducing risks. Nonetheless, pension funds in many developing countries face regulations that limit the choice of international investments. This paper proposes a new methodology to estimate...

Water management is a key development challenge in South Asia. The region - one of the most densely-populated and climate-vulnerable parts of the world - has the world’s fastest growing regional economy and the largest proportion of poorest people. With 23.7 percent of the global population,...

Groundwater comprises 97 percent of the worlds readily accessible freshwater and provides the rural, urban, industrial and irrigation water supply needs of 2 billion people around the world. As the more easily accessed surface water resources are already being used, pressure on groundwater is...