evolution. Within these interactions, it turns out that there is substitution between government topdown direction (such as … lockdown) and social reaction to available information on the virus'behaviour. We also looked at experience of second waves …

adjust daily COVID-19 deaths to match weekly excess mortality. Focusing on Sweden, the only country that has good data and … did not impose a lockdown, we construct counterfactuals for what would have happened if it had imposed a lockdown, using a …, we find that a lockdown would have had sizable effects already after a week. The 3–4 weeks delay highlighted in previous …

updated our policy comparison with Sweden for the most recent data, with similar conclusions.: lower Swedish lockdown …

variation between Denmark and Norway on the one hand and Sweden on the other. The former deployed relatively more stringent … lockdowns, the latter did not. Our difference-in-differences models show that stricter lockdown policies are associated with …

associated with higher mortality rates. During years when GDP falls, death rates rise, primarily in emerging market and … increases in mortality. In contrast, booms or periods of subdued growth are not associated with a marked decline in death rates … may be understated if the impact of the coronavirus recession is neglected. …