In the spirit of the deregulation movement, Japan is also faced with an gAsia Open Sky h agreement which favours aviation liberalization in international services. This means an end to Japan's aviation policy of isolation. In association with this policy change, also environmental concerns grew...

This paper aims to provide an advanced dynamic efficiency assessment methodology for city performance strategies in Japan, based on an extended and super-efficient Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The use of this novel efficiency-improving approach originates from earlier research based on the...