-based scholarships for students graduating from the local school district. Some place-based scholarships impose merit- and/or need … future earning profiles by education, we examine the Promise's benefit-cost ratios for different types of students … can reach many students and have a high rate of return, particularly for places with a high percentage of African American …

State merit aid programs have been found to reduce the likelihood that students attend college out-of-state. Using the …

Student loans defer the cost of college until after graduation, allowing many students access to higher lifetime … earnings and colleges and universities they otherwise could not afford. Even with student loans, however, we find students … cost realization frames financial decisions between most pairs of colleges as an intertemporal tradeoff. Students choose …

high school graduates over three decades. We model prospective students' decisions about whether to attend community … college enrollment overall, rising costs at community colleges diverted other students to four-year colleges. Rising relative … costs of four-year public colleges similarly diverted some students toward community colleges but did not limit college …