chains (GVCs)-related trade and its backward and forward components. I firstly build a regulatory distance (RD) index, which … measures the degree of dissimilarity in NTMs structures between two trade partners. By including the RD index in a structural …-related trade. The negative impact results to be even stronger when I conduct the analysis only on manufacturing sectors. On the …

This paper tests the hypothesis that overlapping and competing regional trade blocs undermine trade in Africa. Using … the proposed merger of three trade blocs in the Eastern and Southern Africa region into a Free Trade Area and estimating … gravity equations of bilateral trade flows, the hypothesis finds no support in the data. Instead, regional trade is a product …

We apply the gravity model to Turkey's trade flows over 1967-2001. First, we check whether this model fits Turkey …'s geographical pattern of trade in goods. Second, provided that the model works, we assess whether Turkey already has a "special …" trade relation with the EU, namely whether merchandise exchanges between the two parties exceed what the gravity approach …

This paper applies the gravity trade model to assess Mercosur-European Union trade, and trade potential following the … agreements reached recently between both trade blocs. The model is tested for a sample of 20 countries, the four formal members … important determinants of bilateral trade flows …

determinants of the growth of intra-EU trade from 1960 to 2000. The results suggest that income growth was the major force …, accounting for approximately two-thirds of total growth. Trade liberalization still had a sizeable effect, while other factors … had only a little impact (income convergence, real effective exchange rate changes) or played no role (trade costs). Our …

I investigate the effect of changing language skills on trade using an unique panel data set on spoken language. It … countries have witnessed an advancing trade integration and large changes in foreign language knowledge. I estimate a … significant and positive effect of changing common English skills on trade using the gravity model and controlling for endogeneity …

paper measures the trade creation and diversion effects of major European agreements based on the results of a correctly …

While recent preferential trade agreements (PTAs) cover an increasingly broad range of policy areas beyond their … with other trade-related policy measures. We approach this gap by examining the effectiveness of bilateral aid for trade … areas of a PTA expand. Further investigation of the underlying mechanisms suggests that the observed trade-off between PTA …

We investigate trade integration between members of the EU, NAFTA and Mercosur. The paper evaluates the ease of access … to each of those markets from each other based on a benchmark consisting of trade within countries. This methodology … integrated zones of this Atlantic Triangle. We evaluate in particular the possible trade effects of free trade agreements between …