In this paper a new instrument for monetary policy shocks is presented. Exogenous variation of the policy rate may come from frictions of collective decision-making. Dissenting votes indicate how far the final decision of the decision making body is from the mean of the members' individually...

Dynamic treatment regimes are treatment allocations tailored to heterogeneous individuals. The optimal dynamic treatment regime is a regime that maximizes counterfactual welfare. We introduce a framework in which we can partially learn the optimal dynamic regime from observational data, relaxing...

This study investigates impacts of migration on the German economy, explicitly distinguishing refugee and non-refugee immigration. We propose a macroeconometric modelling approach complemented by instrumental variable techniques. We find that non-refugee immigration has more beneficial...

This paper examine whether asymmetrics cointegration present in the relationship between barley and crude oil price. The result suggest that an asymmetric cointegration statistically found barley price and oil price are cointegrated and adjustment mechanisms exist in the case between these two...

The way in which market participants form expectations affects the dynamic properties of financial asset prices and therefore the appropriateness of different econometric tools used for empirical asset pricing. In addition to standard rational expectations models, this thesis studies a class of...

This paper examines the modelling complications that appear when some macroeconomic behavioral relationships interact with structural variables, even under a given A matrix. The main problem is concretized for the situation when, a) the final consumption, gross fixed capital formation, inventory...

This paper examines the historical evolution of central bank credibility using both historical narrative and empirics for a group of 16 countries, both advanced and emerging. It shows how the evolution of credibility has gone through a pendulum where credibility was high under the classical gold...

In this paper we provide empirical measures of central bank credibility and augment these with historical narratives from eleven countries. To the extent we are able to apply reliable institutional information we can also indirectly assess their role in influencing the credibility of the...

The measurement error problem in linear time series regression, with focus on the impact of error memory, modeled as finite-order MA processes, is considered. Three prototype models, two bivariate and one univariate ARMA, and ways of handling the problem by using instrumental variables (IVs) are...

This paper considers structural models when both I(1) and I(0) variables are present. It is necessary to extend the traditional classification of shocks as permanent and transitory, and we do this by introducing a mixed shock. The extra shocks coming from introducing I(0) variables into a system...